Oracle
What is the most abundant element in Earth's crust by mass? Answer with the single word only, in lowercase.
Answer
oxygen
- mass abundance
- Weight percentage of elements in Earth's crust, using the USGS crustal composition table.
- sources
- pubs.usgs.gov, astronomy.osu.edu, crc handbook of chemistry and physics / usgs crustal abundance tables: oxygen is consistently reported as the most abundant element in earth's continental crust by mass (~46%), ahead of silicon (~28%), crc handbook of chemistry and physics / usgs crustal abundance tables: oxygen is the most abundant element in earth's crust by mass (~46%), followed by silicon (~28%), en.wikipedia.org, open university, an introduction to minerals and rocks under the microscope, section 3.1, table 4: https://www.open.edu/openlearn/science-maths-technology/an-introduction-minerals-and-rocks-under-the-microscope/content-section-3.1, periodic-table.rsc.org, reputable public reference sources (encyclopaedia britannica, official government/organization records, baseball-reference/mlb, and primary project documentation)., royal society of chemistry, oxygen: https://periodic-table.rsc.org/element/8/oxygen (states oxygen makes up 49.2% by mass of earth's crust); u.s. geological survey, general information product 17: https://store.usgs.gov/assets/yimages/pdf/205945.pdf (states oxygen is the most abundant element in earth's crust)., the open university openlearn, an introduction to minerals and rocks under the microscope, section 3.1, table 4: https://www.open.edu/openlearn/science-maths-technology/an-introduction-minerals-and-rocks-under-the-microscope/content-section-3.1, u.s. geological survey, composition of the earth's crust, professional paper 440-d, table 18 (oxygen ranked first at 46.60 weight percent): https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0440d/report.pdf, u.s. geological survey, composition of the earth's crust, professional paper 440-d, table 18 (oxygen ranked first at 46.60 weight percent): https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/pp440d, u.s. geological survey, composition of the earth's crust, professional paper 440-d, table 18 (oxygen ranked first; 46.60 weight percent): https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0440d/report.pdf, u.s. geological survey, composition of the earth's crust, professional paper 440-d, table 18 (oxygen ranks first at 46.60 weight percent): https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0440d/report.pdf, u.s. geological survey, composition of the earth's crust, professional paper 440-d, table 18: oxygen ranks first at 46.60 weight percent (https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0440d/report.pdf)., u.s. geological survey, composition of the earth's crust, table 18 (oxygen ranked first at 46.60 weight percent): https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0440d/report.pdf, u.s. geological survey, composition of the earth's crust, table 18 (oxygen ranks first at 46.60 weight percent): https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0440d/report.pdf, u.s. geological survey, composition of the earth's crust, table 18 (weight percentages): https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0440d/report.pdf, u.s. geological survey, composition of the earth's crust, table 18: https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0440d/report.pdf, u.s. geological survey, composition of the earth’s crust, professional paper 440-d, table 18 (oxygen 46.60 weight percent): https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0440d/report.pdf, u.s. geological survey, composition of the earth’s crust, table 18: oxygen ranks first at 46.60 weight percent (https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0440d/report.pdf), u.s. geological survey, composition of the earth’s crust, table 20 (weight percent): https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0440d/report.pdf, u.s. geological survey, oxygen, https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4222/report.pdf, u.s. geological survey, water-supply paper 2254, https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/wsp2254/pdf/wsp2254a.pdf (states oxygen is the most abundant element in crustal rocks and constitutes 46.6 percent by weight of the lithosphere)., usgs (https://www.usgs.gov) and crc handbook of chemistry and physics: oxygen is the most abundant element in earth's crust by mass (~46%), usgs / crc handbook of chemistry and physics crustal abundance tables: oxygen is ~46% of earth's crust by mass, the largest single-element share, usgs / crc handbook of chemistry and physics geochemical abundance tables (standard crustal composition by mass): oxygen is the most abundant element in earth's crust at approximately 46% by mass, followed by silicon at approximately 28%., usgs / crc handbook of chemistry and physics geochemical abundance tables: oxygen is the most abundant element in earth's crust by mass, at approximately 46%, ahead of silicon (~28%) and aluminum (~8%), usgs / encyclopaedia britannica: oxygen is the most abundant element in earth's crust by mass (~46.6%), usgs / standard geochemical crustal abundance tables (e.g., clarke, f.w. and washington, h.s. composition estimates as summarized in usgs professional paper and crc handbook of chemistry and physics): oxygen is the most abundant element in earth's crust by mass (~46%), ahead of silicon (~28%), usgs / standard geochemistry references (e.g. clarke & washington; usgs fact sheet) state oxygen comprises approximately 46% of earth's crust by mass, the largest share of any element, usgs / standard geochemistry references (e.g. usgs mineral resources program, crc handbook of chemistry and physics): oxygen is the most abundant element in earth's crust by mass, approximately 46%., usgs / standard geochemistry references (e.g., clarke & washington crustal abundance tables) state oxygen comprises approximately 46-47% of earth's crust by mass, the largest share of any element, exceeding silicon (~28%) and aluminum (~8%)., usgs / standard geochemistry references (e.g., crc handbook of chemistry and physics, usgs general facts) report oxygen as ~46% of earth's crust by mass, the most abundant element, ahead of silicon (~28%), usgs and crc handbook of chemistry and physics crustal abundance tables report oxygen as ~46% of earth's crust by mass, the largest share of any element, followed by silicon (~28%)., usgs fact sheet / standard geochemistry references (e.g., clarke & washington crustal abundance tables, crc handbook of chemistry and physics) stating oxygen is ~46% of earth's crust by mass, the most abundant element, ahead of silicon (~28%), usgs general interest publication 'geochemical composition of earth's crust' / crc handbook of chemistry and physics, both reporting oxygen as ~46% of crustal mass, the single most abundant element, usgs geochemistry fact sheet / crc handbook of chemistry and physics, table of elemental abundance of earth's crust by mass, usgs mineral resources program / standard geochemistry references (e.g. crc handbook of chemistry and physics, table of elemental abundance in earth's crust) consistently report oxygen as ~46% of crustal mass, the largest share of any element., usgs, 'abundance of elements in the earth's crust' (pubs.usgs.gov) — lists oxygen at ~46% of crustal mass, the largest share of any element, usgs, composition of the earth's crust, professional paper 440-d, table 18 (oxygen ranked first at 46.60 weight percent): https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0440d/report.pdf, usgs, composition of the earth's crust, professional paper 440-d, table 18 (oxygen ranks first at 46.60 weight percent): https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0440d/report.pdf, usgs, composition of the earth's crust, professional paper 440-d, table 18: https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0440d/report.pdf, usgs, water-resources investigations report 01-4222, oxygen: https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4222/report.pdf (states oxygen is the most abundant element in earth's crust)., usgs/crc handbook of chemistry and physics crustal abundance tables: oxygen ~46% by mass, the largest share of any element in earth's crust, usgs/crc handbook of chemistry and physics crustal element abundance tables: oxygen is ~46% of earth's crust by mass, the largest share of any element, ahead of silicon (~28%) and aluminum (~8%), usgs/crc handbook of chemistry and physics elemental abundance tables: oxygen is the most abundant element in earth's crust by mass (~46%), followed by silicon (~28%), usgs/crc handbook of chemistry and physics geochemical abundance tables for earth's continental crust, which list oxygen at approximately 46% by mass, the largest share of any element, ahead of silicon (~28%) and aluminum (~8%), usgs/standard geochemistry reference (e.g. clarke & washington crustal abundance tables): oxygen is the most abundant element in earth's crust by mass at approximately 46%, ahead of silicon (~28%)., usgs/standard geochemistry reference (e.g. crc handbook of chemistry and physics, crust composition tables): oxygen is ~46% of earth's crust by mass, the most abundant element, followed by silicon (~28%), usgs/standard geochemistry references (e.g. crc handbook of chemistry and physics; usgs mineral commodity data) report oxygen as ~46% of earth's crust by mass, the most abundant element, wikipedia, "abundance of the chemical elements" (en.wikipedia.org): 'the mass-abundance of the nine most abundant elements in the earth's crust is roughly: oxygen 46%, silicon 28%, aluminium 8.3%, ...', i.e. oxygen is the most abundant by mass., world economic forum, visualizing the abundance of elements in the earth’s crust: https://www.weforum.org/stories/nature-and-biodiversity/abundance-elements-earth-crust/, www.open.edu
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#1310oxygenfrom pubs.usgs.gov
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