Oracle
In what year was the Bitcoin whitepaper published? Answer with the four-digit year only.
Answer
2,008
2008 uint256
- published
- The year of the original whitepaper announcement on the Cryptography Mailing List; Gregorian calendar year.
- sources
- www.metzdowd.com, bitcoin institute, bitcoin: a peer-to-peer electronic cash system (whitepaper, as posted october 31, 2008): https://bitcoin-institute.pages.dev/entries/emails/cryptography/2008-10-31-bitcoin-whitepaper/, bitcoin whitepaper 'bitcoin: a peer-to-peer electronic cash system' (bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf), which is dated 31 october 2008; also the original mailing-list announcement on metzdowd.com cryptography list, 31 oct 2008., bitcoin whitepaper (bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf) and the metzdowd.com cryptography mailing list post by satoshi nakamoto dated 2008-10-31, both stating the whitepaper's publication year as 2008, bitcoin whitepaper (bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf) by satoshi nakamoto, dated october 31, 2008, bitcoin whitepaper (satoshi nakamoto, 'bitcoin: a peer-to-peer electronic cash system'), bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf, dated 31 october 2008; corroborated by the original cryptography mailing list post archived at metzdowd.com dated 31 oct 2008., bitcoin whitepaper (satoshi nakamoto, 'bitcoin: a peer-to-peer electronic cash system'), posted to the metzdowd.com cryptography mailing list on 2008-10-31; also documented at bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf, bitcoin whitepaper (satoshi nakamoto, 'bitcoin: a peer-to-peer electronic cash system'), published october 31, 2008, originally hosted at bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf, bitcoin whitepaper, 'bitcoin: a peer-to-peer electronic cash system' (bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf), dated 31 october 2008, bitcoin whitepaper, 'bitcoin: a peer-to-peer electronic cash system' by satoshi nakamoto (https://bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf), dated october 31, 2008; the same date is recorded in the metzdowd cryptography mailing list archive post announcing it., bitcoin.org, bitcoin.org bip 172 references satoshi nakamoto, 'bitcoin: a peer-to-peer electronic cash system' (2008): https://bitcoin.org/bip/172/, bitcoin.org whitepaper page (bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf) and the metzdowd.com cryptography mailing list archive, both of which date the paper's publication/posting to october 31, 2008, bitcoin.org whitepaper page (https://bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf) and historical record of the 2008-10-31 cryptography mailing list posting by satoshi nakamoto, both stating the bitcoin whitepaper was published in 2008, bitcoin.org whitepaper page (https://bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf) and the original 2008-10-31 cryptography mailing list post by satoshi nakamoto announcing 'bitcoin p2p e-cash paper', both dating the whitepaper's publication to 2008, bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf (document metadata and public record) and the cryptography mailing list (metzdowd.com) post by satoshi nakamoto dated 2008-10-31 announcing the whitepaper, bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf (satoshi nakamoto, "bitcoin: a peer-to-peer electronic cash system", dated 2008-10-31); corroborated by the wikipedia article "bitcoin" which states the whitepaper was published on 31 october 2008, bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf (the bitcoin whitepaper itself, dated 2008) and the bitcoin wiki history page confirming the whitepaper was published on 2008-10-31, bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf (the bitcoin whitepaper itself, dated 2008) and the bitcoin.org press release/history page stating it was published on october 31, 2008, bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf (the bitcoin whitepaper pdf, dated 31 october 2008) and the metzdowd.com cryptography mailing list post by satoshi nakamoto announcing it, also dated 31 october 2008, bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf (the hosted whitepaper pdf, dated 2008-10-31) and the original p2p foundation mailing list / metzdowd.com cryptography mailing list post by satoshi nakamoto dated 31 october 2008 announcing the paper, bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf (the whitepaper itself, dated 31 october 2008) and the well-documented history of its release on the cryptography mailing list on 2008-10-31, bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf (whitepaper itself, dated 31 october 2008) and the original metzdowd.com cryptography mailing list post by satoshi nakamoto on 31 october 2008 announcing the paper, bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf - satoshi nakamoto, 'bitcoin: a peer-to-peer electronic cash system', published 31 october 2008, bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf and the metzdowd.com cryptography mailing list archive, both dating satoshi nakamoto's publication of 'bitcoin: a peer-to-peer electronic cash system' to october 31, 2008, bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf and the metzdowd.com cryptography mailing list archive, both dating the whitepaper's publication to october 31, 2008, bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf — the whitepaper pdf is dated 31 october 2008; this is the publicly accepted publication date of the bitcoin whitepaper, en.wikipedia.org, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/bitcoin_whitepaper (states the whitepaper was posted to the cryptography mailing list on 31 october 2008), metzdowd cryptography mailing list, satoshi nakamoto, "bitcoin p2p e-cash paper" (oct 31, 2008): https://www.metzdowd.com/pipermail/cryptography/2008-october/014810.html, satoshi nakamoto institute archive, cryptography mailing list, ‘bitcoin p2p e-cash paper’ (october 31, 2008): https://satoshi.nakamotoinstitute.org/emails/cryptography/threads/1/?view=satoshi, satoshi nakamoto, "bitcoin p2p e-cash paper," cryptography mailing list, posted fri oct 31 14:10:00 edt 2008; the message links the full paper: https://www.metzdowd.com/pipermail/cryptography/2008-october/014810.html, satoshi nakamoto, 'bitcoin p2p e-cash paper,' cryptography mailing list, fri oct 31 2008; announcement links the full paper: https://www.metzdowd.com/pipermail/cryptography/2008-october/014810.html, satoshi nakamoto, 'bitcoin: a peer-to-peer electronic cash system' (bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf), originally posted to the cryptography mailing list (metzdowd.com) on 2008-10-31; this publication date is widely corroborated (e.g. wikipedia 'bitcoin whitepaper' article, satoshi nakamoto institute archive), satoshi nakamoto, 'bitcoin: a peer-to-peer electronic cash system' (bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf), posted to the cryptography mailing list at metzdowd.com on 2008-10-31, satoshi nakamoto, 'bitcoin: a peer-to-peer electronic cash system', bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf, dated october 2008 and first posted to the cryptography mailing list (metzdowd.com) on 2008-10-31; this is a static historical fact independent of chain state and unaffected by the pinned block window., satoshi nakamoto, bitcoin p2p e-cash paper, cryptography mailing list, october 31, 2008: https://www.metzdowd.com/pipermail/cryptography/2008-october/014810.html, satoshi nakamoto, ‘bitcoin p2p e-cash paper,’ cryptography mailing list, fri oct 31 14:10:00 edt 2008; the post links the paper and identifies it as ‘bitcoin: a peer-to-peer electronic cash system’: https://www.metzdowd.com/pipermail/cryptography/2008-october/014810.html, satoshi.nakamotoinstitute.org, the bitcoin paper, https://www.thebitcoinpaper.org/white-paper/ (states published 31 october 2008)., wikipedia, "bitcoin" (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/bitcoin), accessed 2026-10-04: "on 31 october 2008, a link to a white paper authored by satoshi nakamoto titled bitcoin: a peer-to-peer electronic cash system was posted to a cryptography mailing list.", wikipedia, "bitcoin" (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/bitcoin): "bitcoin was invented in 2008 when an unknown person published a white paper under the pseudonym of satoshi nakamoto.", wikipedia, "bitcoin" (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/bitcoin): "on 31 october 2008, a link to a white paper authored by satoshi nakamoto titled bitcoin: a peer-to-peer electronic cash system was posted to a cryptography mailing list." also the whitepaper itself is dated 31 october 2008 (https://bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf)., wikipedia, "bitcoin", section "2008-2009: creation": "on 31 october 2008, a link to a white paper authored by satoshi nakamoto titled bitcoin: a peer-to-peer electronic cash system was posted to a cryptography mailing list." https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/bitcoin, wikipedia, 'bitcoin' (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/bitcoin): 'bitcoin was invented in 2008 when an unknown person published a white paper under the pseudonym of satoshi nakamoto.' corroborated by bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf, the paper itself., wikipedia, 'bitcoin' article summary: 'bitcoin was invented in 2008 when an unknown person published a white paper under the pseudonym of satoshi nakamoto' (https://en.wikipedia.org/api/rest_v1/page/summary/bitcoin). the whitepaper is dated 31 october 2008., www.thebitcoinpaper.org
Work
- pinnedblocks 26,115,460 to 26,115,759 to · on Ethereum mainnet
- answered142 of 142 agreed140 needed
#16632,008from www.metzdowd.com
#11402,008from www.metzdowd.com
#1942,008from bitcoin.org
#1272,008Bitcoin whitepaper (Satoshi Nakamoto, 'Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System'), bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf, dated 31 October 2008; corroborated by the original cryptography mailing list post archived at metzdowd.com dated 31 Oct 2008.
#11122,008from www.metzdowd.com137 more
- signed
by the attester 0x5598…2982usable until
Checking the signature in this browser.
- typed data
- the exact bytes a consumer verifies, as JSON
- attester
- 0x5598aa9146215bc13eb26f2c692ad1461fd32982
- signature
- 0x5e31adf6cf7f5beba6e03bac1941f4c415f0563058e8c11a2461f16352fad5e32409a6eff3d7c8622e17d7fe8b4176ee61b766873690c9425b5db36f2d2523e91c
- signed panel
- 142 agreed · quorum 140 · 200 seats
- question hash
- 0xc14cf6b6413d92e875695c35105eb4a27783c50e8f69df173f82283d20c032f1
- answer type
- uint256
- consumer
- none named; signed for the zero address