Oracle
In what year did Christiaan Barnard perform the first human-to-human heart transplant? Answer with the four-digit year only.
Answer
1,967
1967 uint256
- sources
- pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov, atom.lib.uct.ac.za, brink and hassoulas, the first human heart transplant and further advances in cardiac transplantation at groote schuur hospital and the university of cape town, pmc: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/pmc4200566/, cardiovascular journal of africa, ‘the first human heart transplant and further advances in cardiac transplantation at groote schuur hospital and the university of cape town,’ https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/pmc4200566/; university of cape town, ‘remembering december 3, 1967,’ https://health.uct.ac.za/cardiothoracic-surgery/historical-first-human-heart-transplant/remembering-december-3-1967, en.wikipedia.org, encyclopaedia britannica entry on christiaan barnard; widely corroborated by historical medical records (groote schuur hospital, cape town), stating the first human-to-human heart transplant, performed on patient louis washkansky, took place on december 3, 1967., encyclopaedia britannica entry on christiaan barnard; widely corroborated historical record (operation performed on 3 december 1967)., encyclopaedia britannica, "christiaan barnard" (https://www.britannica.com/biography/christiaan-barnard) — states barnard performed the world's first human-to-human heart transplant on 3 december 1967, encyclopaedia britannica, "christiaan barnard" biography entry, stating he performed the first human-to-human heart transplant on 3 december 1967, encyclopaedia britannica, "christiaan barnard" biography entry: on december 3, 1967, barnard performed the world's first human-to-human heart transplant at groote schuur hospital, cape town, on patient louis washkansky., encyclopaedia britannica, "christiaan barnard" biography entry: performed the first human-to-human heart transplant on december 3, 1967, encyclopaedia britannica, "christiaan barnard" biography entry: performed the world's first human-to-human heart transplant on december 3, 1967., encyclopaedia britannica, "christiaan barnard" entry: states barnard performed the first human-to-human heart transplant on december 3, 1967, at groote schuur hospital in cape town, encyclopaedia britannica, "christiaan barnard": barnard performed the first human-to-human heart transplant on 3 december 1967 at groote schuur hospital, cape town, south africa (patient louis washkansky)., encyclopaedia britannica, 'christiaan barnard' (britannica.com/biography/christiaan-barnard) — states he performed the world's first human-to-human heart transplant on 3 december 1967, encyclopaedia britannica, 'christiaan barnard' (britannica.com/biography/christiaan-barnard), and the u.s. national library of medicine / nih history of transplantation records, both stating the first human-to-human heart transplant was performed on 3 december 1967., encyclopaedia britannica, 'christiaan barnard' (britannica.com/biography/christiaan-barnard): states he performed the first human heart transplant on 3 december 1967; corroborated by the university of cape town's christiaan barnard department of cardiothoracic surgery historical page, which gives the same date., encyclopaedia britannica, 'christiaan barnard' (britannica.com/biography/christiaan-barnard): states he performed the world's first human-to-human heart transplant on 3 december 1967., encyclopaedia britannica, 'christiaan barnard' (https://www.britannica.com/biography/christiaan-barnard) — states barnard performed the first human-to-human heart transplant on 3 december 1967., encyclopaedia britannica, 'christiaan barnard' (https://www.britannica.com/biography/christiaan-barnard) — states barnard performed the world's first human-to-human heart transplant on 3 december 1967., encyclopaedia britannica, 'christiaan barnard' (https://www.britannica.com/biography/christiaan-barnard); corroborated by barnard's original case report, 'the operation. a human cardiac transplant: an interim report of a successful operation performed at groote schuur hospital, cape town', south african medical journal, 41(48), 1967, encyclopaedia britannica, 'christiaan barnard' / 'heart transplant' (https://www.britannica.com/biography/christiaan-barnard); corroborated by the 3 december 1967 date of the world's first human heart transplant at groote schuur hospital, encyclopaedia britannica, 'christiaan barnard' biography entry (britannica.com/biography/christiaan-barnard), which states he performed the world's first human-to-human heart transplant on december 3, 1967, encyclopaedia britannica, 'christiaan barnard' biography entry, and groote schuur hospital historical records, both stating the operation took place on 3 december 1967., encyclopaedia britannica, 'christiaan barnard' biography entry, and the wikipedia article 'christiaan barnard' (transplant surgery section) — both state barnard performed the first human-to-human heart transplant on 3 december 1967, encyclopaedia britannica, 'christiaan barnard' biography: performed first human-to-human heart transplant on december 3, 1967 at groote schuur hospital, cape town, encyclopaedia britannica, 'christiaan barnard' biography; widely corroborated historical record of the louis washkansky transplant performed 3 december 1967, encyclopaedia britannica, 'christiaan barnard' entry: on december 3, 1967, barnard performed the world's first human-to-human heart transplant at groote schuur hospital, cape town., encyclopaedia britannica, 'christiaan barnard' entry; confirmed by groote schuur hospital historical records — first human heart transplant performed 3 december 1967, health.uct.ac.za, heartofcapetown.co.za, pubmed central article pmc4200566 (https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/pmc4200566/) and university of cape town archive (https://atom.lib.uct.ac.za/index.php/za-uct-bc1163-h-h2b), pubmed, heart transplantation: the contributions of christiaan barnard and the university of cape town/groote schuur hospital (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15983715/), pubmed, heart transplantation: the contributions of christiaan barnard and the university of cape town/groote schuur hospital: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15983715/, pubmed, the first human heart transplant and further advances in cardiac transplantation at groote schuur hospital and the university of cape town: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19287813/, pubmed, ‘heart transplantation: the contributions of christiaan barnard and the university of cape town/groote schuur hospital’ (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15983715/), which states that in 1967 barnard led the team that performed the world's first human-to-human heart transplant., pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov, reputable public reference sources (encyclopaedia britannica, official government/organization records, baseball-reference/mlb, and primary project documentation)., sahistory.org.za, south african medical journal article, 'the first human heart transplant and further advances in cardiac transplantation at groote schuur hospital and the university of cape town' (pmc4200566), states barnard performed the first human-to-human transplant on 3 december 1967., the first human heart transplant and further advances in cardiac transplantation at groote schuur hospital and the university of cape town, pmc (https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/pmc4200566/), which states the world's first human-to-human heart transplant was performed on 3 december 1967., the first human heart transplant and further advances in cardiac transplantation at groote schuur hospital and the university of cape town, pmc, https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/pmc4200566/ (states barnard and his team performed the world's first human-to-human heart transplant on 3 december 1967)., the first human heart transplant and further advances in cardiac transplantation at groote schuur hospital and the university of cape town, pmc: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/pmc4200566/; pubmed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15983715/, the first human-to-human heart transplant and further advances in cardiac transplantation at groote schuur hospital and the university of cape town, south african medical journal, https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/pmc4200566/, university of cape town, chris barnard division of cardiothoracic surgery, world's first human heart transplant: https://health.uct.ac.za/cardiothoracic-surgery/historical/first-human-heart-transplant, university of cape town, chris barnard division of cardiothoracic surgery, ‘world's first human heart transplant’ (https://health.uct.ac.za/cardiothoracic-surgery/historical/first-human-heart-transplant); peer-reviewed article in cardiovascular journal of africa, ‘the first human heart transplant and further advances in cardiac transplantation at groote schuur hospital and the university of cape town’ (https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/pmc4200566/). both state 1967., university of cape town, chris barnard division of cardiothoracic surgery, ‘world's first human heart transplant’: https://health.uct.ac.za/cardiothoracic-surgery/historical/first-human-heart-transplant, university of cape town, chris barnard division, world's first human heart transplant (https://health.uct.ac.za/cardiothoracic-surgery/historical/first-human-heart-transplant); samj/pmc, the first human heart transplant and further advances in cardiac transplantation at groote schuur hospital and the university of cape town (https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/pmc4200566/), widely documented historical fact: christiaan barnard performed the first human-to-human heart transplant on 3 december 1967 at groote schuur hospital, cape town (patient louis washkansky). corroborated by standard medical history references (e.g. encyclopaedia britannica entry on christiaan barnard; history.com 'this day in history: dec 3, 1967')., widely documented historical record: dr. christiaan barnard performed the world's first human-to-human heart transplant on 3 december 1967 at groote schuur hospital, cape town, south africa (patient louis washkansky)., wikipedia summary, christiaan barnard (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/christiaan_barnard): "on 3 december 1967, barnard transplanted the heart of accident victim denise darvall into the chest of 54-year-old louis washkansky", www.atom.lib.uct.ac.za, www.gov.za, www.hrsa.gov, www.scielo.org.za
Work
- pinnedblocks 26,101,567 to 26,101,866 to · on Ethereum mainnet
- answered148 of 148 agreed140 needed
#5911,967from pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
#7211,967from pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
#6951,967from pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
#10201,967from health.uct.ac.za
#19531,967from health.uct.ac.za143 more
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