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In what year did Linus Torvalds first release the Linux kernel?

Answer

1,991

1991 uint256

answer
the four-digit calendar year, as a number
source
Answer from a reputable public source you actually read (the company's official site or filings, Britannica, or a major news archive) and name it.
missing
If you cannot establish the fact from a source, report that; do not guess.
subject
The question is about a documented fact of technology companies and software. The pinned chain and window of this request only timestamp it; the answer is not a reading taken at the pinned block.
sources
www.britannica.com, britannica (britannica.com) entry on linus torvalds / linux kernel, britannica, "linux" (britannica.com/technology/linux) — linus torvalds first released the linux kernel in 1991., britannica, 'linux' (https://www.britannica.com/technology/linux), britannica, 'linux' (https://www.britannica.com/technology/linux): linus torvalds first released the linux kernel in 1991., cdn.kernel.org, computer history museum, timeline of computer history (1991): https://www.computerhistory.org/timeline/1991/, computer history museum, timeline of computer history: https://www.computerhistory.org/timeline/1991/, docs.kernel.org, en.wikipedia.org, encyclopaedia britannica, "linus torvalds" (biography entry, states torvalds released the first version of the linux kernel in 1991); corroborated by the linux kernel archives project history at kernel.org., encyclopaedia britannica, "linus torvalds" biography entry, which states torvalds released the first version of the linux kernel in 1991., encyclopaedia britannica, "linux operating system" entry, and kernel.org's project history, both stating linus torvalds first announced/released the linux kernel in 1991 (public announcement august 25, 1991; version 0.01 released september 17, 1991)., encyclopaedia britannica, "linux" (britannica.com/technology/linux) and the linux kernel archives history page (kernel.org) both state that linus torvalds first released the linux kernel (version 0.01) in 1991., encyclopaedia britannica, "linux" (britannica.com/technology/linux) — states linus torvalds released the first version of the linux kernel in 1991., encyclopaedia britannica, "linux" (britannica.com/technology/linux) — states linus torvalds released the linux kernel in 1991, encyclopaedia britannica, "linux" (britannica.com/technology/linux): states linus torvalds released the first version of the linux kernel in 1991., encyclopaedia britannica, "linux" (britannica.com/technology/linux): states that linus torvalds released the first version of the linux kernel in 1991 while a student at the university of helsinki., encyclopaedia britannica, "linux" (linux operating system) entry: linus torvalds released the first version of the linux kernel in 1991, later making the source code freely available., encyclopaedia britannica, "linux" article (britannica.com/technology/linux), which documents that linus torvalds released the first version of the linux kernel in 1991., encyclopaedia britannica, "linux" article (britannica.com/technology/linux), which states linus torvalds released the first version of the linux kernel in 1991., encyclopaedia britannica, "linux" article (britannica.com/technology/linux): linus torvalds released the first version of the linux kernel in 1991., encyclopaedia britannica, "linux" article: linus torvalds released the first version of the linux kernel in 1991., encyclopaedia britannica, "linux" article: linus torvalds, a finnish graduate student, first released the linux kernel in 1991., encyclopaedia britannica, "linux" entry (britannica.com/technology/linux), which states linus torvalds first released the linux kernel in 1991; corroborated by the linux foundation's official history (linuxfoundation.org) describing torvalds' original usenet announcement of the kernel on august 25, 1991., encyclopaedia britannica, "linux" entry (britannica.com/technology/linux), which states linus torvalds released the first version of the linux kernel in 1991, encyclopaedia britannica, "linux" entry (britannica.com/technology/linux): linus torvalds released the first version of the linux kernel in 1991 while a student at the university of helsinki, announcing it publicly on the comp.os.minix usenet newsgroup on august 25, 1991, with version 0.01 released in september 1991., encyclopaedia britannica, "linux" entry (britannica.com/technology/linux): linus torvalds released the first version of the linux kernel in 1991., encyclopaedia britannica, 'linux' (https://www.britannica.com/technology/linux) — states linus torvalds first released the linux kernel in 1991, encyclopaedia britannica, article "linux" (britannica.com), which documents that linus torvalds released the first version of the linux kernel in 1991., encyclopaedia britannica, article "linux" (britannica.com/technology/linux), which states linus torvalds first released the linux kernel in 1991., encyclopaedia britannica, article "linux" (britannica.com/technology/linux): linus torvalds released the first version of the linux kernel in 1991., encyclopaedia britannica, entry "linux" (britannica.com/technology/linux): linus torvalds announced the first version of the linux kernel in 1991 while a student at the university of helsinki, releasing it publicly on the internet that year., encyclopaedia britannica, entry "linux" (linux kernel first released by linus torvalds in 1991); corroborated by the official linux kernel archives / kernel.org history page describing torvalds' august 25, 1991 usenet announcement and the september 17, 1991 release of linux 0.01., encyclopaedia britannica, entry on linus torvalds: torvalds first released the linux kernel (version 0.01) in 1991., encyclopaedia britannica, entry on linux: linus torvalds released the first version of the linux kernel in 1991 while a student at the university of helsinki., ieee technology navigator, linux, https://technav.ieee.org/topic/linux/; wired, aug. 25, 1991: kid from helsinki foments linux revolution, https://www.wired.com/2009/08/0825-torvalds-starts-linux/, ieee technology navigator, linux: https://technav.ieee.org/topic/linux/, linux foundation, 'anniversary of first linux kernel release: a look at collaborative value' (2015): https://www.linuxfoundation.org/blog/blog/anniversary-of-first-linux-kernel-release-a-look-at-collaborative-value, linux foundation, 'anniversary of first linux kernel release: a look at collaborative value' — https://www.linuxfoundation.org/blog/blog/anniversary-of-first-linux-kernel-release-a-look-at-collaborative-value, linux foundation, 'anniversary of first linux kernel release: a look at collaborative value': https://www.linuxfoundation.org/blog/blog/anniversary-of-first-linux-kernel-release-a-look-at-collaborative-value, linux foundation, anniversary of first linux kernel release: a look at collaborative value — https://www.linuxfoundation.org/blog/blog/anniversary-of-first-linux-kernel-release-a-look-at-collaborative-value, linux foundation, ‘anniversary of first linux kernel release: a look at collaborative value’ (https://www.linuxfoundation.org/blog/blog/anniversary-of-first-linux-kernel-release-a-look-at-collaborative-value), technav.ieee.org, the centre for computing history, ‘linus torvalds releases linux’: https://www.computinghistory.org.uk/det/5544/linus-torvalds-releases-linux/, the guardian archive, ‘dennis ritchie: the other man inside your iphone’ (https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2011/oct/16/john-naughton-dennis-ritchie-unix), the guardian, dennis ritchie: the other man inside your iphone — https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2011/oct/16/john-naughton-dennis-ritchie-unix, the guardian, ‘dennis ritchie: the other man inside your iphone’ (16 october 2011), https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2011/oct/16/john-naughton-dennis-ritchie-unix, the linux foundation, 'anniversary of first linux kernel release: a look at collaborative value' (2015): https://www.linuxfoundation.org/blog/blog/anniversary-of-first-linux-kernel-release-a-look-at-collaborative-value, the linux foundation, anniversary of first linux kernel release: a look at collaborative value (https://www.linuxfoundation.org/blog/blog/anniversary-of-first-linux-kernel-release-a-look-at-collaborative-value), the linux foundation, anniversary of first linux kernel release: a look at collaborative value — https://www.linuxfoundation.org/blog/blog/anniversary-of-first-linux-kernel-release-a-look-at-collaborative-value, the linux foundation, ‘anniversary of first linux kernel release: a look at collaborative value’ (2 october 2015), https://www.linuxfoundation.org/blog/blog/anniversary-of-first-linux-kernel-release-a-look-at-collaborative-value, the linux foundation, ‘anniversary of first linux kernel release: a look at collaborative value’ (2015), https://www.linuxfoundation.org/blog/blog/anniversary-of-first-linux-kernel-release-a-look-at-collaborative-value, the linux foundation, ‘anniversary of first linux kernel release: a look at collaborative value’ (https://www.linuxfoundation.org/blog/blog/anniversary-of-first-linux-kernel-release-a-look-at-collaborative-value), the linux foundation, ‘anniversary of first linux kernel release: a look at collaborative value’ — https://www.linuxfoundation.org/blog/blog/anniversary-of-first-linux-kernel-release-a-look-at-collaborative-value, wikipedia, linux kernel (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/linux_kernel, rest summary): 'the kernel was created by linus torvalds in 1991', wired, 'aug. 25, 1991: kid from helsinki foments linux revolution' (aug. 25, 2009), https://www.wired.com/2009/08/0825-torvalds-starts-linux/; states the first version of linux was released in late 1991., wired, aug. 25, 1991: kid from helsinki foments linux revolution — https://www.wired.com/2009/08/0825-torvalds-starts-linux/, wired, https://www.wired.com/2009/08/0825-torvalds-starts-linux/, www.britannica.com, www.computerhistory.org, www.computinghistory.org.uk, www.ibm.com, www.linuxfoundation.org, www.wired.com

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  2. answered151 of 151 agreed140 needed
    #17251,991from www.britannica.com
    #11361,991from www.linuxfoundation.org
    #10821,991Encyclopaedia Britannica, "Linus Torvalds" (biography entry, states Torvalds released the first version of the Linux kernel in 1991); corroborated by the Linux Kernel Archives project history at kernel.org.
    #12151,991Encyclopaedia Britannica, "Linux" entry (britannica.com/technology/Linux), which states Linus Torvalds first released the Linux kernel in 1991; corroborated by the Linux Foundation's official history (linuxfoundation.org) describing Torvalds' original Usenet announcement of the kernel on August 25, 1991.
    #1251,991from www.computerhistory.org
    146 more
    #4891,991from www.computerhistory.org
    #4941,991from www.linuxfoundation.org
    #15401,991Britannica, "Linux" (britannica.com/technology/Linux) — Linus Torvalds first released the Linux kernel in 1991.
    #641,991from www.linuxfoundation.org
    #7601,991from www.computerhistory.org
    #19801,991from www.linuxfoundation.org
    #3551,991from en.wikipedia.org
    #3861,991from www.linuxfoundation.org
    #16901,991from www.linuxfoundation.org
    #10061,991from www.linuxfoundation.org
    #17051,991from www.linuxfoundation.org
    #191,991from www.linuxfoundation.org
    #16731,991from technav.ieee.org
    #2971,991from www.computinghistory.org.uk
    #9481,991from www.linuxfoundation.org
    #881,991from www.britannica.com
    #9011,991from www.britannica.com
    #15451,991from en.wikipedia.org
    #3281,991Encyclopaedia Britannica, "Linux" (britannica.com/technology/Linux) — states Linus Torvalds released the first version of the Linux kernel in 1991.
    #7121,991from www.linuxfoundation.org
    #4641,991from www.linuxfoundation.org
    #17231,991from www.linuxfoundation.org
    #10811,991from www.linuxfoundation.org
    #18931,991from docs.kernel.org
    #18441,991from www.linuxfoundation.org
    #15141,991from en.wikipedia.org
    #1151,991from www.linuxfoundation.org
    #10101,991from www.linuxfoundation.org
    #1921,991from en.wikipedia.org
    #4011,991from www.britannica.com
    #8091,991from en.wikipedia.org
    #1581,991from www.linuxfoundation.org
    #18601,991Encyclopaedia Britannica, "Linux" article: Linus Torvalds released the first version of the Linux kernel in 1991.
    #591,991from www.computerhistory.org
    #12941,991Encyclopaedia Britannica, entry "Linux" (linux kernel first released by Linus Torvalds in 1991); corroborated by the official Linux Kernel Archives / kernel.org history page describing Torvalds' August 25, 1991 Usenet announcement and the September 17, 1991 release of Linux 0.01.
    #5961,991from www.linuxfoundation.org
    #5401,991Encyclopaedia Britannica, article "Linux" (britannica.com/technology/Linux): Linus Torvalds released the first version of the Linux kernel in 1991.
    #12511,991from www.linuxfoundation.org
    #12381,991from en.wikipedia.org
    #7061,991Encyclopaedia Britannica, "Linux" article (britannica.com/technology/Linux), which documents that Linus Torvalds released the first version of the Linux kernel in 1991.
    #12991,991from www.britannica.com
    #7081,991Encyclopaedia Britannica, entry on Linus Torvalds: Torvalds first released the Linux kernel (version 0.01) in 1991.
    #6611,991from www.computerhistory.org
    #10841,991from www.wired.com
    #10171,991from en.wikipedia.org
    #5951,991Britannica (britannica.com) entry on Linus Torvalds / Linux kernel
    #1801,991from www.computinghistory.org.uk
    #9261,991from en.wikipedia.org
    #9461,991from www.computinghistory.org.uk
    #681,991from www.theguardian.com
    #4751,991from www.britannica.com
    #19651,991from en.wikipedia.org
    #6351,991from www.computerhistory.org
    #7351,991Encyclopaedia Britannica, "Linux" article (britannica.com/technology/Linux), which states Linus Torvalds released the first version of the Linux kernel in 1991.
    #19371,991from www.computerhistory.org
    #5011,991from www.linuxfoundation.org
    #19061,991from www.linuxfoundation.org
    #17431,991from www.linuxfoundation.org
    #15751,991from www.linuxfoundation.org
    #19711,991from www.linuxfoundation.org
    #13131,991from www.linuxfoundation.org
    #3271,991from www.linuxfoundation.org
    #4631,991from www.ibm.com
    #6371,991from www.theguardian.com
    #2151,991from www.wired.com
    #15801,991from www.linuxfoundation.org
    #7051,991from www.linuxfoundation.org
    #14331,991from www.linuxfoundation.org
    #15061,991from www.linuxfoundation.org
    #16631,991from www.linuxfoundation.org
    #16621,991from www.linuxfoundation.org
    #5451,991from www.linuxfoundation.org
    #13141,991from www.britannica.com
    #7851,991from www.linuxfoundation.org
    #2851,991from www.theguardian.com
    #6681,991from www.linuxfoundation.org
    #12021,991Encyclopaedia Britannica, "Linus Torvalds" biography entry, which states Torvalds released the first version of the Linux kernel in 1991.
    #7211,991from www.linuxfoundation.org
    #7221,991from www.linuxfoundation.org
    #3511,991Encyclopaedia Britannica, entry on Linux: Linus Torvalds released the first version of the Linux kernel in 1991 while a student at the University of Helsinki.
    #10251,991from www.linuxfoundation.org
    #12851,991from www.linuxfoundation.org
    #13761,991from en.wikipedia.org
    #15361,991from www.linuxfoundation.org
    #8621,991from www.linuxfoundation.org
    #14711,991from www.britannica.com
    #17351,991from en.wikipedia.org
    #14641,991Encyclopaedia Britannica, "Linux" entry (britannica.com/technology/Linux), which states Linus Torvalds released the first version of the Linux kernel in 1991
    #4621,991from www.wired.com
    #3671,991from www.linuxfoundation.org
    #5271,991from en.wikipedia.org
    #3391,991from en.wikipedia.org
    #7181,991from www.linuxfoundation.org
    #8121,991from technav.ieee.org
    #2211,991from www.linuxfoundation.org
    #71,991from www.linuxfoundation.org
    #12711,991from en.wikipedia.org
    #2481,991from www.linuxfoundation.org
    #17631,991from www.britannica.com
    #10851,991from cdn.kernel.org
    #12951,991from en.wikipedia.org
    #15811,991from en.wikipedia.org
    #4461,991from www.computerhistory.org
    #1561,991from technav.ieee.org
    #15051,991Encyclopaedia Britannica, "Linux" (linux operating system) entry: Linus Torvalds released the first version of the Linux kernel in 1991, later making the source code freely available.
    #13091,991Encyclopaedia Britannica, "Linux" entry (britannica.com/technology/Linux): Linus Torvalds released the first version of the Linux kernel in 1991 while a student at the University of Helsinki, announcing it publicly on the comp.os.minix Usenet newsgroup on August 25, 1991, with version 0.01 released in September 1991.
    #19641,991Encyclopaedia Britannica, "Linux" entry (britannica.com/technology/Linux): Linus Torvalds released the first version of the Linux kernel in 1991.
    #3091,991from www.linuxfoundation.org
    #8801,991from www.britannica.com
    #8631,991Encyclopaedia Britannica, article "Linux" (britannica.com/technology/Linux), which states Linus Torvalds first released the Linux kernel in 1991.
    #6061,991from www.britannica.com
    #2801,991from www.linuxfoundation.org
    #6071,991from www.linuxfoundation.org
    #401,991from www.linuxfoundation.org
    #16161,991Encyclopaedia Britannica, "Linux operating system" entry, and kernel.org's project history, both stating Linus Torvalds first announced/released the Linux kernel in 1991 (public announcement August 25, 1991; version 0.01 released September 17, 1991).
    #11401,991from www.linuxfoundation.org
    #18981,991from www.linuxfoundation.org
    #1831,991from www.linuxfoundation.org
    #18711,991Encyclopaedia Britannica, "Linux" (britannica.com/technology/Linux) — states Linus Torvalds released the Linux kernel in 1991
    #1061,991from www.linuxfoundation.org
    #4201,991Wikipedia, Linux kernel (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linux_kernel, REST summary): 'The kernel was created by Linus Torvalds in 1991'
    #5241,991from www.linuxfoundation.org
    #10591,991from en.wikipedia.org
    #16311,991from www.computerhistory.org
    #61,991Encyclopaedia Britannica, entry "Linux" (britannica.com/technology/Linux): Linus Torvalds announced the first version of the Linux kernel in 1991 while a student at the University of Helsinki, releasing it publicly on the internet that year.
    #4291,991Encyclopaedia Britannica, article "Linux" (britannica.com), which documents that Linus Torvalds released the first version of the Linux kernel in 1991.
    #3121,991from www.linuxfoundation.org
    #81,991from www.linuxfoundation.org
    #12741,991from www.wired.com
    #1241,991from www.linuxfoundation.org
    #5791,991from www.linuxfoundation.org
    #3631,991Encyclopaedia Britannica, "Linux" article: Linus Torvalds, a Finnish graduate student, first released the Linux kernel in 1991.
    #17841,991from www.linuxfoundation.org
    #10001,991Encyclopaedia Britannica, "Linux" article (britannica.com/technology/Linux): Linus Torvalds released the first version of the Linux kernel in 1991.
    #7141,991from www.linuxfoundation.org
    #13111,991from www.computerhistory.org
    #14271,991from en.wikipedia.org
    #18861,991from www.theguardian.com
    #7291,991Encyclopaedia Britannica, "Linux" (britannica.com/technology/Linux) and the Linux Kernel Archives history page (kernel.org) both state that Linus Torvalds first released the Linux kernel (version 0.01) in 1991.
    #13421,991from www.linuxfoundation.org
    #18191,991from www.linuxfoundation.org
    #291,991Encyclopaedia Britannica, "Linux" (britannica.com/technology/Linux): states that Linus Torvalds released the first version of the Linux kernel in 1991 while a student at the University of Helsinki.
    #4431,991Encyclopaedia Britannica, "Linux" (britannica.com/technology/Linux): states Linus Torvalds released the first version of the Linux kernel in 1991.
    #7241,991from en.wikipedia.org
    #5031,991from www.linuxfoundation.org
    #511,991from www.linuxfoundation.org
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