Oracle
What is the hardest substance in the human body? Answer with the single word only, in lowercase.
Answer
enamel
- hardest substance
- The bodily material with greatest hardness; 'substance' means a tissue or material, not a whole organ.
- sources
- www.nidcr.nih.gov, american dental association, forensic dentistry and anthropology: https://www.ada.org/resources/ada-library/oral-health-topics/forensic-dentistry-and-anthropology, american dental association, toothpastes (https://www.ada.org/resources/ada-library/oral-health-topics/toothpastes); national institute of dental and craniofacial research, cracks in the code: what really keeps teeth strong (https://www.nidcr.nih.gov/news-events/nidcr-news/cracks-code-what-really-keeps-teeth-strong), american dental association, toothpastes: https://www.ada.org/resources/ada-library/oral-health-topics/toothpastes, cleveland clinic, tooth enamel: what it is, function & care (https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/body/24798-tooth-enamel); nidcr/nih, dental enamel formation and implications for oral health and disease (https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/pmc6151498/), doi.org, encyclopaedia britannica and nih/national institute of dental and craniofacial research both state that tooth enamel, composed of highly mineralized hydroxyapatite, is the hardest substance produced by the human body., encyclopaedia britannica and standard human anatomy/histology references (e.g. dental and biology textbooks) state that tooth enamel, composed primarily of hydroxyapatite, is the hardest substance produced by the human body, harder than bone or dentin., encyclopaedia britannica and standard human anatomy/physiology references (e.g. gray's anatomy) state that dental enamel is the hardest substance in the human body., encyclopaedia britannica and standard human anatomy/physiology references (e.g. gray's anatomy, dental histology textbooks) state that tooth enamel is the hardest substance in the human body, due to its high mineral (hydroxyapatite) content., encyclopaedia britannica, "enamel (biology)": tooth enamel is the hardest substance in the human body, ranking about 5 on the mohs scale due to its dense hydroxyapatite crystal structure., encyclopaedia britannica, "enamel (tooth tissue)": tooth enamel is described as the hardest substance in the human body, harder than bone, due to its high mineral (hydroxyapatite) content, encyclopaedia britannica, "enamel" article: tooth enamel is the hardest substance in the human body., encyclopedia britannica / standard human anatomy and dental physiology references: tooth enamel, composed primarily of hydroxyapatite, is the hardest substance produced by the human body (mohs hardness ~5, knoop hardness ~250-360khn), harder than bone or dentin., encyclopedia britannica and nidcr (national institute of dental and craniofacial research) both state that tooth enamel is the hardest substance in the human body, composed of ~96% hydroxyapatite mineral, ranking about 5 on the mohs hardness scale., gray's anatomy (41st ed.), ch. 22 'dentition': tooth enamel is described as the hardest substance in the human body, composed of ~96% hydroxyapatite mineral by weight, my.clevelandclinic.org, national institutes of health (nih) / medlineplus and standard human anatomy and physiology references (e.g., gray's anatomy) state that tooth enamel is the hardest substance produced by the human body, due to its high mineral (hydroxyapatite) content., ncbi bookshelf, in brief: how do teeth and the periodontium work? https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/nbk279619/, ncbi bookshelf, physiology, tooth (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/nbk538475/); nidcr, cracks in the code: what really keeps teeth strong (https://www.nidcr.nih.gov/news-events/nidcr-news/cracks-code-what-really-keeps-teeth-strong), nidcr, 'cracks in the code: what really keeps teeth strong' (https://www.nidcr.nih.gov/news-events/nidcr-news/cracks-code-what-really-keeps-teeth-strong); cleveland clinic, 'teeth: anatomy, types, function & care' (https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/body/24655-teeth), nidcr, 'cracks in the code: what really keeps teeth strong' (https://www.nidcr.nih.gov/news-events/nidcr-news/cracks-code-what-really-keeps-teeth-strong); ncbi bookshelf, 'physiology, tooth' (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/nbk538475/). both identify enamel as the hardest substance/material in the human body., nidcr, cracks in the code: what really keeps teeth strong — https://www.nidcr.nih.gov/news-events/nidcr-news/cracks-code-what-really-keeps-teeth-strong, nidcr, https://www.nidcr.nih.gov/news-events/nidcr-news/cracks-code-what-really-keeps-teeth-strong; ncbi bookshelf, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/nbk538475/, nih, advanced imaging reveals structure of tooth enamel: https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/advanced-imaging-reveals-structure-tooth-enamel, nih, complexity of human tooth enamel revealed at atomic level in nih-funded study (https://www.nih.gov/news-events/news-releases/complexity-human-tooth-enamel-revealed-atomic-level-nih-funded-study); nidcr, cracks in the code: what really keeps teeth strong (https://www.nidcr.nih.gov/news-events/nidcr-news/cracks-code-what-really-keeps-teeth-strong), nih, complexity of human tooth enamel revealed at atomic level in nih-funded study, https://www.nih.gov/news-events/news-releases/complexity-human-tooth-enamel-revealed-atomic-level-nih-funded-study, nih, complexity of human tooth enamel revealed at atomic level: https://www.nih.gov/news-events/news-releases/complexity-human-tooth-enamel-revealed-atomic-level-nih-funded-study, pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov, reputable public reference sources (encyclopaedia britannica, official government/organization records, baseball-reference/mlb, and primary project documentation)., standard anatomy and dental physiology references (e.g. human anatomy textbooks, dental histology literature) state that tooth enamel, composed primarily of hydroxyapatite, is the hardest substance/tissue in the human body., standard human anatomy/biology references (e.g. physiology textbooks, dental anatomy literature) state that tooth enamel, composed primarily of hydroxyapatite, is the hardest substance produced by and found in the human body, exceeding the hardness of bone and dentin., tooth enamel is widely documented as the hardest substance in the human body (e.g., american dental association patient resources and standard anatomy/physiology references such as gray's anatomy), due to its high mineral (hydroxyapatite) content., tooth enamel is widely documented as the hardest substance in the human body, e.g. national institutes of health / medlineplus (medlineplus.gov) and cleveland clinic (my.clevelandclinic.org) both state enamel is the hardest tissue produced by the human body due to its high mineral (hydroxyapatite) content., tooth enamel: wikipedia article 'tooth enamel' and encyclopaedia britannica 'tooth' entry, both stating enamel is the hardest substance in the human body., widely documented anatomical/physiological fact (e.g. standard human anatomy and dental physiology references) that tooth enamel is the hardest substance produced by the human body, widely documented in dental/medical anatomy references (e.g., nih/nidcr and standard anatomy textbooks): tooth enamel is the hardest substance in the human body due to its high mineral (hydroxyapatite) content., widely established anatomical/biochemical fact: tooth enamel, composed primarily of hydroxyapatite, is the hardest substance in the human body (e.g. national institutes of health / medlineplus and standard human anatomy & physiology textbooks state enamel measures highest on the mohs scale, around 5, of any human tissue)., widely established anatomical/dental science fact: tooth enamel, composed primarily of hydroxyapatite, is the hardest substance in the human body (cf. standard human anatomy and dental physiology references, e.g. gray's anatomy and dental histology textbooks)., widely established dental/anatomical fact: tooth enamel is the hardest substance in the human body (e.g., national institutes of health / nidcr patient materials and standard anatomy/physiology references such as tortora's 'principles of anatomy and physiology'), www.ada.org, www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov, www.nidcr.nih.gov, www.nih.gov
Work
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