IMD › Explorer › In what year did Indonesia hold its first direct presidential election?

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In what year did Indonesia hold its first direct presidential election?

Answer

2,004

2004 uint256

answer: the four-digit calendar year, as a number
source: Answer from a reputable public source you actually read (an official government, parliament or electoral-commission site, the text of a treaty or constitution, Britannica, or a major news archive) and name it.
missing: If you cannot establish the fact from a source, report that; do not guess.
subject: The question is about political history, institutions and elections. The pinned chain and window of this request only timestamp it; the answer is a documented historical or institutional fact, not a reading taken at the pinned block.
sources: , 2009-2017.state.gov, archived u.s. white house, 'indonesia holds landmark election' (september 27, 2004): https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2004/09/text/20040927-1.html, bbc news, 5 july 2004, http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/3865557.stm, britannica, "indonesia" (britannica.com/place/indonesia): indonesia's first direct presidential election was held in 2004., britannica, "indonesia" (history section, article on indonesia's government and elections), read directly for the fact that the first direct presidential election was held in 2004, britannica, 'indonesia' article, history/government section on the 2004 presidential election, ciaotest.cc.columbia.edu, embassy of japan in indonesia, ‘statement by the head of the japanese government observation mission for the presidential elections in indonesia’ (13 july 2004), https://www.id.emb-japan.go.jp/news04_23.html, en.wikipedia.org, encyclopaedia britannica (britannica.com), article on indonesia / 2004 indonesian presidential election, stating that 2004 was the first year indonesians directly elected their president, won by susilo bambang yudhoyono., encyclopaedia britannica (britannica.com), articles on indonesia and susilo bambang yudhoyono, stating indonesia held its first direct presidential election in 2004., encyclopaedia britannica (britannica.com), entries on indonesia and susilo bambang yudhoyono, stating that the 2004 indonesian presidential election was the country's first direct election of a president., encyclopaedia britannica, "indonesia - elections, democracy, government" / "susilo bambang yudhoyono" articles, describing the 2004 indonesian presidential election as the country's first direct election of its president under constitutional amendments enacted 2001-2002., encyclopaedia britannica, "indonesia - government and society / presidential elections" (britannica.com), which documents indonesia's first direct presidential election occurring in 2004., encyclopaedia britannica, "indonesia" (article on government and history), which documents that indonesia's constitution was amended in 2001-2002 to allow for direct election of the president, and the first such direct presidential election was held in 2004., encyclopaedia britannica, "indonesia" (article on government and history): indonesia held its first direct presidential election in 2004, in which susilo bambang yudhoyono was elected president after a constitutional amendment introduced direct popular election of the president., encyclopaedia britannica, "indonesia" (history section) — states indonesia's 2004 election was the first in which the president and vice president were chosen by direct popular vote, following 2001-2002 constitutional amendments that ended the mpr's role in selecting the president., encyclopaedia britannica, "indonesia" (history section, entry on the 2004 elections): following the 2002 constitutional amendment introducing direct election of the president, indonesia held its first direct presidential election in 2004, with a first round on 5 july 2004 and a runoff on 20 september 2004 won by susilo bambang yudhoyono., encyclopaedia britannica, "indonesia" (history/government section) — states indonesia's first direct presidential election was held in 2004., encyclopaedia britannica, "indonesia" (history/government section) — states the 2004 presidential election was indonesia's first direct election of the president, following the 2002 constitutional amendment enabling direct election., encyclopaedia britannica, "indonesia" — history and government section covering the 2004 presidential election as the first direct popular vote for president, encyclopaedia britannica, 'indonesia' (britannica.com/place/indonesia), history/government section: first direct presidential election held in 2004., encyclopaedia britannica, 'indonesia' / '2004 indonesian presidential election' article: https://www.britannica.com/place/indonesia (history section) and https://www.britannica.com/event/indonesian-presidential-election-of-2004 — confirms 2004 as the first year indonesians directly elected their president, in a two-round election (5 july and 20 september 2004)., encyclopaedia britannica, 'indonesia' article, government and society section: indonesia's first direct presidential election was held in 2004, after the 2001 third amendment to the 1945 constitution mandated direct popular election of the president., encyclopaedia britannica, 'indonesia' article, section on government and elections; indonesia's general elections commission (komisi pemilihan umum, kpu) historical records of the 2004 presidential election, encyclopaedia britannica, article "indonesia" (history section, on the 2004 elections and constitutional amendments introducing direct presidential elections), https://www.britannica.com/place/indonesia, encyclopaedia britannica, article "indonesia", section on government and elections, which states that indonesia held its first direct presidential election in 2004, following the 2002 constitutional amendment that introduced direct popular election of the president; susilo bambang yudhoyono won the runoff held on 20 september 2004 after a first round on 5 july 2004., encyclopaedia britannica, article "indonesia", section on the 2004 presidential election, encyclopaedia britannica, article 'indonesia' (section on government and politics / history), states that following the 2002 constitutional amendment establishing direct election of the president, indonesia held its first direct presidential election in 2004, in which susilo bambang yudhoyono was elected., encyclopaedia britannica, article on indonesia (history/government section covering the 2004 presidential election), encyclopaedia britannica, articles on the 2004 indonesian presidential election and susilo bambang yudhoyono, read directly, confirming indonesia's first direct presidential election was held in 2004., encyclopaedia britannica, entry "indonesia" — government and society / history sections, describing the 2004 introduction of direct presidential elections following the third amendment (2001) to the 1945 constitution., encyclopaedia britannica, entry on indonesia (government and elections section): indonesia's 2002 constitutional amendments introduced direct popular election of the president, first held in 2004., encyclopaedia britannica, entry on indonesia (history/government section covering elections): indonesia's 1945 constitution originally had the president chosen indirectly by the people's consultative assembly (mpr); a 2001 constitutional amendment introduced direct popular election of the president, first held in 2004, when susilo bambang yudhoyono won in a runoff., encyclopaedia britannica, entry on indonesia (history/government section covering the 2004 presidential election), georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov, government of indonesia, secretariat of state, president of the republic of indonesia's 2014 bali democracy forum vii opening statement: https://setneg.go.id/baca/index/opening_statement_by_presiden_the_republic_indonesia_bdf_vii_di_bali_tgl_10_okt_2014, indonesian ministry of foreign affairs, the promise for west papua's independence, https://kemlu.go.id/files-service/storage/repositori/72970/majalah_11zon.pdf, indonesian ministry of state secretariat, opening statement by president of the republic of indonesia at bali democracy forum vii (10 october 2014): https://setneg.go.id/baca/index/opening_statement_by_presiden_the_republic_indonesia_bdf_vii_di_bali_tgl_10_okt_2014, indonesian ministry of state secretariat, ‘opening statement by president of the republic of indonesia, bali democracy forum vii’ (10 october 2014), https://setneg.go.id/baca/index/opening_statement_by_presiden_the_republic_indonesia_bdf_vii_di_bali_tgl_10_okt_2014, kab-bintan.kpu.go.id, kab-tobasamosir.kpu.go.id, riau.kpu.go.id, sekretariat negara republik indonesia (indonesian state secretariat), ‘opening statement by presiden the republic indonesia bdf vii, di bali, tgl. 10 okt 2014’; president yudhoyono states he became indonesia’s first directly elected president in 2004., sekretariat negara republik indonesia, president susilo bambang yudhoyono's opening statement at the 7th bali democracy forum (10 october 2014); the official statement identifies his 2004 election as the first direct election of an indonesian president., setkab.go.id, setneg.go.id, the white house archive, 'indonesia holds landmark election' (september 27, 2004), https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2004/09/text/20040927-1.html; states indonesia conducted its first-ever direct presidential election., the white house archive, 'indonesia holds landmark election' (september 27, 2004): https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2004/09/text/20040927-1.html, the white house archives, 'indonesia holds landmark election' (september 27, 2004; citing u.s. embassy, indonesia)., the white house, 'indonesia holds landmark election' (september 27, 2004), https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2004/09/text/20040927-1.html, the white house, ‘indonesia holds landmark election’ (september 27, 2004): https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2004/09/text/20040927-1.html, tile.loc.gov, u.s. department of state, indonesia (05/05), https://2009-2017.state.gov/outofdate/bgn/indonesia/47475.htm, white house archive, 'indonesia holds landmark election' (september 27, 2004): https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2004/09/text/20040927-1.html, wikipedia, "2004 indonesian presidential election" (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2004_indonesian_presidential_election): "these were the first direct presidential elections in the history of indonesia", held 5 july and 20 september 2004, following a 2002 constitutional amendment; corroborated by ifes electionguide entry for the indonesian presidency 2004 general election (https://www.electionguide.org/elections/id/1936/)., wikipedia, 2004 indonesian presidential election (read via en.wikipedia.org rest summary); consistent with britannica on indonesia's first direct presidential vote in 2004, www.electionguide.org, www.id.emb-japan.go.jp, www.reutersconnect.com, www.rferl.org, www.setneg.go.id, www.theguardian.com

Work

pinnedblocks 26,049,504 to 26,049,802 to · on Ethereum mainnet
answered132 of 132 agreed105 needed
#12152,004Encyclopaedia Britannica, article on Indonesia (history/government section covering the 2004 presidential election)
#13502,004from georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov
#19792,004Encyclopaedia Britannica, entry on Indonesia (History/Government section covering the 2004 presidential election)
#5812,004Britannica, 'Indonesia' article, History/Government section on the 2004 presidential election
#682,004from setkab.go.id
127 more
#7182,004from setneg.go.id
#18602,004Encyclopaedia Britannica, article 'Indonesia' (section on government and politics / history), states that following the 2002 constitutional amendment establishing direct election of the president, Indonesia held its first direct presidential election in 2004, in which Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono was elected.
#10202,004from en.wikipedia.org
#1312,004Encyclopaedia Britannica, "Indonesia" (History section) — states Indonesia's 2004 election was the first in which the president and vice president were chosen by direct popular vote, following 2001-2002 constitutional amendments that ended the MPR's role in selecting the president.
#14332,004from georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov
#4642,004from setkab.go.id
#16262,004from news.bbc.co.uk
#7132,004from www.id.emb-japan.go.jp
#8632,004Encyclopaedia Britannica, "Indonesia" — history and government section covering the 2004 presidential election as the first direct popular vote for president
#5592,004from en.wikipedia.org
#15992,004from setneg.go.id
#192,004from georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov
#9462,004from www.setneg.go.id
#18442,004from setneg.go.id
#16762,004from www.reutersconnect.com
#592,004from kab-tobasamosir.kpu.go.id
#9532,004from riau.kpu.go.id
#2592,004from kab-tobasamosir.kpu.go.id
#6382,004Encyclopaedia Britannica, "Indonesia - Elections, Democracy, Government" / "Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono" articles, describing the 2004 Indonesian presidential election as the country's first direct election of its president under constitutional amendments enacted 2001-2002.
#2812,004from www.electionguide.org
#22,004Encyclopaedia Britannica, entry "Indonesia" — Government and society / History sections, describing the 2004 introduction of direct presidential elections following the Third Amendment (2001) to the 1945 Constitution.
#8422,004from georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov
#11222,004from en.wikipedia.org
#14452,004Sekretariat Negara Republik Indonesia (Indonesian State Secretariat), ‘Opening Statement by Presiden The Republic Indonesia BDF VII, di Bali, tgl. 10 Okt 2014’; President Yudhoyono states he became Indonesia’s first directly elected president in 2004.
#4202,004Wikipedia, 2004 Indonesian presidential election (read via en.wikipedia.org REST summary); consistent with Britannica on Indonesia's first direct presidential vote in 2004
#3412,004Britannica, "Indonesia" (History section, article on Indonesia's government and elections), read directly for the fact that the first direct presidential election was held in 2004
#19372,004from setkab.go.id
#2482,004from www.setneg.go.id
#152,004from www.reutersconnect.com
#18192,004from georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov
#15402,004from www.britannica.com
#7092,004Encyclopaedia Britannica, entry on Indonesia (History/Government section covering elections): Indonesia's 1945 constitution originally had the president chosen indirectly by the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR); a 2001 constitutional amendment introduced direct popular election of the president, first held in 2004, when Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono won in a runoff.
#14342,004from georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov
#1802,004from 2009-2017.state.gov
#12852,004from kemlu.go.id
#17352,004from en.wikipedia.org
#15062,004from setneg.go.id
#11292,004from setkab.go.id
#6682,004from setneg.go.id
#2972,004from georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov
#14992,004Encyclopaedia Britannica, 'Indonesia' (britannica.com/place/Indonesia), history/government section: first direct presidential election held in 2004.
#14132,004from setneg.go.id
#17632,004from en.wikipedia.org
#4752,004from en.wikipedia.org
#6052,004Encyclopaedia Britannica, "Indonesia" (history/government section) — states the 2004 presidential election was Indonesia's first direct election of the president, following the 2002 constitutional amendment enabling direct election.
#2932,004Encyclopaedia Britannica, "Indonesia" (history/government section) — states Indonesia's first direct presidential election was held in 2004.
#15722,004Encyclopaedia Britannica (britannica.com), entries on Indonesia and Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, stating that the 2004 Indonesian presidential election was the country's first direct election of a president.
#10252,004from setneg.go.id
#6602,004from en.wikipedia.org
#13452,004from georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov
#1832,004from setneg.go.id
#19592,004from 2009-2017.state.gov
#1082,004from georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov
#612,004Encyclopaedia Britannica, "Indonesia" (article on government and history): Indonesia held its first direct presidential election in 2004, in which Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono was elected president after a constitutional amendment introduced direct popular election of the president.
#3342,004from georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov
#16892,004from www.rferl.org
#9482,004from georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov
#7862,004from tile.loc.gov
#7152,004from www.electionguide.org
#15452,004from en.wikipedia.org
#14642,004Encyclopaedia Britannica, 'Indonesia' article, section on government and elections; Indonesia's General Elections Commission (Komisi Pemilihan Umum, KPU) historical records of the 2004 presidential election
#13142,004Encyclopaedia Britannica, 'Indonesia' article, Government and society section: Indonesia's first direct presidential election was held in 2004, after the 2001 Third Amendment to the 1945 Constitution mandated direct popular election of the president.
#4512,004from setneg.go.id
#702,004from georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov
#7042,004from www.britannica.com
#11752,004from en.wikipedia.org
#17232,004from riau.kpu.go.id
#10342,004from www.theguardian.com
#4632,004from georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov
#12512,004from georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov
#11362,004from georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov
#12942,004Encyclopaedia Britannica, entry on Indonesia (government and elections section): Indonesia's 2002 constitutional amendments introduced direct popular election of the president, first held in 2004.
#6522,004from kab-bintan.kpu.go.id
#5502,004Encyclopaedia Britannica, "Indonesia - Government and Society / Presidential elections" (britannica.com), which documents Indonesia's first direct presidential election occurring in 2004.
#19192,004from georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov
#12482,004from setneg.go.id
#19062,004from setneg.go.id
#1652,004from riau.kpu.go.id
#2802,004from georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov
#2122,004The White House Archives, 'Indonesia Holds Landmark Election' (September 27, 2004; citing U.S. Embassy, Indonesia).
#2942,004Encyclopaedia Britannica, article "Indonesia", section on government and elections, which states that Indonesia held its first direct presidential election in 2004, following the 2002 constitutional amendment that introduced direct popular election of the president; Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono won the runoff held on 20 September 2004 after a first round on 5 July 2004.
#12712,004from en.wikipedia.org
#14682,004Encyclopaedia Britannica, article "Indonesia", section on the 2004 presidential election
#17562,004from georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov
#18862,004from georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov
#10062,004from georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov
#2112,004from setneg.go.id
#6832,004from ciaotest.cc.columbia.edu
#992,004from georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov
#7602,004from kab-tobasamosir.kpu.go.id
#5912,004from georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov
#19242,004from setneg.go.id
#10822,004Encyclopaedia Britannica (britannica.com), articles on Indonesia and Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, stating Indonesia held its first direct presidential election in 2004.
#7982,004from georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov
#18982,004from setneg.go.id
#19842,004from georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov
#4292,004Encyclopaedia Britannica (britannica.com), article on Indonesia / 2004 Indonesian presidential election, stating that 2004 was the first year Indonesians directly elected their president, won by Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono.
#7212,004from setneg.go.id
#16492,004from georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov
#15122,004from georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov
#8132,004from georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov
#5032,004from 2009-2017.state.gov
#18842,004from setkab.go.id
#2702,004from georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov
#16062,004from www.id.emb-japan.go.jp
#7352,004Encyclopaedia Britannica, "Indonesia" (article on government and history), which documents that Indonesia's constitution was amended in 2001-2002 to allow for direct election of the president, and the first such direct presidential election was held in 2004.
#19662,004from georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov
#5902,004from georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov
#11402,004from georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov
#12752,004from setneg.go.id
#4932,004Encyclopaedia Britannica, articles on the 2004 Indonesian presidential election and Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, read directly, confirming Indonesia's first direct presidential election was held in 2004.
#7832,004from riau.kpu.go.id
#18462,004from setneg.go.id
#11682,004from setneg.go.id
#12422,004Sekretariat Negara Republik Indonesia, President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono's opening statement at the 7th Bali Democracy Forum (10 October 2014); the official statement identifies his 2004 election as the first direct election of an Indonesian president.
#2092,004Encyclopaedia Britannica, "Indonesia" (History section, entry on the 2004 elections): following the 2002 constitutional amendment introducing direct election of the president, Indonesia held its first direct presidential election in 2004, with a first round on 5 July 2004 and a runoff on 20 September 2004 won by Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono.
#14472,004from georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov
#18712,004Britannica, "Indonesia" (britannica.com/place/Indonesia): Indonesia's first direct presidential election was held in 2004.
#5282,004from en.wikipedia.org
#15482,004from georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov
#4462,004from georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov
#8802,004from en.wikipedia.org
#15802,004from georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov
#16902,004from georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov
#6582,004from www.theguardian.com
#4342,004from setneg.go.id
#9732,004from riau.kpu.go.id
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