IMD

Oracle

6c025e92signed

In what year was sovereignty over Hong Kong transferred from the United Kingdom to China?

Answer

1,997

1997 uint256

answer
the four-digit calendar year, as a number
source
Answer from a reputable public source you actually read (an official government, parliament or electoral-commission site, the text of a treaty or constitution, Britannica, or a major news archive) and name it.
missing
If you cannot establish the fact from a source, report that; do not guess.
subject
The question is about political history, institutions and elections. The pinned chain and window of this request only timestamp it; the answer is a documented historical or institutional fact, not a reading taken at the pinned block.
sources
treaties.fcdo.gov.uk, basic law of the hong kong sar, preamble, https://www.basiclaw.gov.hk/en/basiclaw/preamble.html, britannica, "hong kong" (article on history/handover); sino-british joint declaration (1984) text, both confirming the transfer of sovereignty to china occurred on 1 july 1997., britannica, "hong kong" (britannica.com/place/hong-kong): sovereignty over hong kong was transferred from the united kingdom to the people's republic of china on july 1, 1997, per the sino-british joint declaration of 1984., britannica, "hong kong" article (britannica.com/place/hong-kong), section on the 1997 handover: sovereignty over hong kong was transferred from the united kingdom to the people's republic of china at midnight on 1 july 1997, per the terms of the 1984 sino-british joint declaration., britannica, "hong kong" article, section on the 1997 handover: sovereignty over hong kong was transferred from the united kingdom to the people's republic of china on 1 july 1997, per the sino-british joint declaration of 1984., britannica, 'hong kong' (article on the territory's history): 'on july 1, 1997, sovereignty over hong kong was transferred to the people's republic of china, ending 156 years of british colonial rule,' consistent with the sino-british joint declaration of 1984 which set the handover date as july 1, 1997., britannica, 'hong kong' (https://www.britannica.com/place/hong-kong): 'on july 1, 1997, sovereignty over hong kong was transferred to china, ending 156 years of british colonial rule.', britannica, 'hong kong' (https://www.britannica.com/place/hong-kong): 'on july 1, 1997, sovereignty over hong kong was transferred to china.' consistent with the sino-british joint declaration (1984), which set 1 july 1997 as the handover date., britannica, 'hong kong' - 'on july 1, 1997, china resumed the exercise of sovereignty over hong kong, ending 156 years of british colonial rule', consistent with the sino-british joint declaration of 1984 which set the handover date of july 1, 1997., britannica, 'hong kong' - 'on july 1, 1997, sovereignty over hong kong was transferred to the people's republic of china, in accordance with the sino-british joint declaration of 1984.', commonslibrary.parliament.uk, en.wikipedia.org, encyclopaedia britannica entry on hong kong (handover section) and the sino-british joint declaration of 1984, which set the transfer of sovereignty from the united kingdom to china for 1 july 1997, encyclopaedia britannica, "hong kong" (article on history and handover): sovereignty over hong kong was transferred from the united kingdom to the people's republic of china on 1 july 1997, pursuant to the 1984 sino-british joint declaration., encyclopaedia britannica, "hong kong" (article on the 1997 handover), britannica.com/place/hong-kong: states that under the sino-british joint declaration, the united kingdom's sovereignty over hong kong ended and it was transferred to the people's republic of china at midnight on 1 july 1997., encyclopaedia britannica, "hong kong" (article on the 1997 handover): sovereignty over hong kong was transferred from the united kingdom to the people's republic of china at midnight on july 1, 1997, per the 1984 sino-british joint declaration., encyclopaedia britannica, "hong kong" (britannica.com/place/hong-kong), and the sino-british joint declaration on the question of hong kong (1984), which fixed the transfer of sovereignty from the united kingdom to the people's republic of china at 1 july 1997., encyclopaedia britannica, "hong kong" (britannica.com/place/hong-kong), history section: sovereignty over hong kong was transferred from the united kingdom to china on july 1, 1997, per the 1984 sino-british joint declaration., encyclopaedia britannica, "hong kong" (britannica.com/place/hong-kong), section on the 1997 handover: sovereignty over hong kong was transferred from the united kingdom to china on july 1, 1997, per the sino-british joint declaration of 1984., encyclopaedia britannica, "hong kong" (britannica.com/place/hong-kong), stating the handover of sovereignty from the uk to china took place on 1 july 1997 under the sino-british joint declaration of 1984., encyclopaedia britannica, "hong kong" (britannica.com/place/hong-kong): sovereignty over hong kong transferred from the united kingdom to the people's republic of china on july 1, 1997, pursuant to the 1984 sino-british joint declaration., encyclopaedia britannica, "hong kong" (handover of hong kong to china, july 1, 1997), encyclopaedia britannica, "hong kong" (history section): sovereignty over hong kong was transferred from the united kingdom to the people's republic of china on 1 july 1997, per the terms of the 1984 sino-british joint declaration., encyclopaedia britannica, "hong kong" (history section, handover of sovereignty 1 july 1997); sino-british joint declaration on the question of hong kong (1984), which set the transfer date of 1 july 1997., encyclopaedia britannica, "hong kong" (history section, handover of sovereignty, 1 july 1997); corroborated by uk national archives records of the 1997 hong kong handover ceremony., encyclopaedia britannica, "hong kong" and "sino-british joint declaration" articles: hong kong's sovereignty passed from the united kingdom to china on 1 july 1997., encyclopaedia britannica, "hong kong" article, history section: sovereignty transferred from the united kingdom to china on 1 july 1997, per the sino-british joint declaration (1984)., encyclopaedia britannica, "hong kong" article, section on the 1997 handover: sovereignty over hong kong was transferred from the united kingdom to the people's republic of china at midnight on 1 july 1997, in accordance with the 1984 sino-british joint declaration., encyclopaedia britannica, "hong kong" — history section, stating the transfer of sovereignty from the united kingdom to china took place on 1 july 1997 under the sino-british joint declaration (1984)., encyclopaedia britannica, 'hong kong handover of 1997' (britannica.com), read directly, corroborated by the text of the sino-british joint declaration (1984), which set the transfer date of 1 july 1997., encyclopaedia britannica, 'hong kong' (article on the transfer of sovereignty / handover, 1 july 1997), encyclopaedia britannica, 'hong kong' (history section, transfer of sovereignty / handover): https://www.britannica.com/place/hong-kong, encyclopaedia britannica, 'hong kong' article, history section, encyclopaedia britannica, 'hong kong' article, section on the transfer of sovereignty (handover) from the united kingdom to china on 1 july 1997, encyclopaedia britannica, 'hong kong' — sino-british joint declaration and the 1 july 1997 transfer of sovereignty to china, encyclopaedia britannica, article "hong kong", section "hong kong under chinese sovereignty" — states sovereignty was transferred from the united kingdom to china on 1 july 1997 under the sino-british joint declaration of 1984., encyclopaedia britannica, article "hong kong": sovereignty over hong kong was transferred from the united kingdom to the people's republic of china on july 1, 1997, in accordance with the 1984 sino-british joint declaration., encyclopaedia britannica, articles 'hong kong' and 'sino-british joint declaration' (britannica.com), stating the handover of sovereignty from the united kingdom to china occurred on 1 july 1997., hong kong basic law, preamble: https://www.basiclaw.gov.hk/en/basiclaw/preamble.html, hong kong government constitutional and mainland affairs bureau, the joint declaration, https://www.cmab.gov.hk/en/issues/joint2.htm, hong kong government, constitutional and mainland affairs bureau, the joint declaration: https://www.cmab.gov.hk/en/issues/jd2.htm, hong kong sar government, constitutional and mainland affairs bureau, the joint declaration (https://www.cmab.gov.hk/en/issues/joint2.htm), house of commons library, hong kong: the joint declaration — https://commonslibrary.parliament.uk/research-briefings/cbp-8616/, house of commons library, hong kong: the joint declaration, https://commonslibrary.parliament.uk/research-briefings/cbp-8616/, house of commons library, ‘hong kong: the joint declaration’ (https://commonslibrary.parliament.uk/research-briefings/cbp-8616/), house of commons library, ‘hong kong: the joint declaration’ (states uk transferred sovereignty on 1 july 1997): https://commonslibrary.parliament.uk/research-briefings/cbp-8616/, house of commons library, ‘hong kong: the joint declaration’: https://commonslibrary.parliament.uk/research-briefings/cbp-8616/, lordslibrary.parliament.uk, sino-british joint declaration, uk fcdo treaty archive: https://treaties.fcdo.gov.uk/awweb/pdfopener?did=68291&md=1, sino-british joint declaration, uk foreign, commonwealth & development office treaty text: https://treaties.fcdo.gov.uk/awweb/pdfopener?did=68291&md=1, the joint declaration and its implementation (fact sheet), hong kong government constitutional and mainland affairs bureau: https://www.cmab.gov.hk/en/issues/joint2.htm, treaties.fcdo.gov.uk, uk foreign, commonwealth & development office, sino-british joint declaration (text of treaty): https://treaties.fcdo.gov.uk/awweb/pdfopener?did=68291&md=1, uk foreign, commonwealth & development office, sino-british joint declaration on the question of hong kong (treaty archive): https://treaties.fcdo.gov.uk/awweb/pdfopener?did=68291&md=1, uk foreign, commonwealth & development office, sino-british joint declaration on the question of hong kong, https://treaties.fcdo.gov.uk/awweb/pdfopener?did=68291&md=1, uk foreign, commonwealth & development office, sino-british joint declaration on the question of hong kong: https://treaties.fcdo.gov.uk/awweb/pdfopener?did=68291&md=1, uk parliament, house of lords library, 'hong kong handover: 20 year anniversary': https://lordslibrary.parliament.uk/research-briefings/lln-2017-0037/, wikipedia, handover of hong kong (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/handover_of_hong_kong): handover at midnight on 1 july 1997; consistent with britannica's hong kong history, www.basiclaw.gov.hk, www.britannica.com, www.cmab.gov.hk, www.gov.hk, www.gov.uk, www.info.gov.hk, www.nationalarchives.gov.uk, www.yearbook.gov.hk

Work

  1. pinnedblocks 26,049,504 to 26,049,802 to · on Ethereum mainnet
  2. answered121 of 121 agreed105 needed
    #19241,997from treaties.fcdo.gov.uk
    #18441,997from treaties.fcdo.gov.uk
    #18461,997from treaties.fcdo.gov.uk
    #2931,997Encyclopaedia Britannica, "Hong Kong" (history section, handover of sovereignty 1 July 1997); Sino-British Joint Declaration on the Question of Hong Kong (1984), which set the transfer date of 1 July 1997.
    #7041,997from www.britannica.com
    116 more
    #2111,997from lordslibrary.parliament.uk
    #17631,997from en.wikipedia.org
    #14681,997Encyclopaedia Britannica, "Hong Kong" (history section): sovereignty over Hong Kong was transferred from the United Kingdom to the People's Republic of China on 1 July 1997, per the terms of the 1984 Sino-British Joint Declaration.
    #10201,997from en.wikipedia.org
    #14641,997Encyclopaedia Britannica, "Hong Kong" article, History section: sovereignty transferred from the United Kingdom to China on 1 July 1997, per the Sino-British Joint Declaration (1984).
    #651,997Encyclopaedia Britannica, "Hong Kong" (article on the 1997 handover), britannica.com/place/Hong-Kong: states that under the Sino-British Joint Declaration, the United Kingdom's sovereignty over Hong Kong ended and it was transferred to the People's Republic of China at midnight on 1 July 1997.
    #16621,997from commonslibrary.parliament.uk
    #19061,997from commonslibrary.parliament.uk
    #15481,997from www.cmab.gov.hk
    #14341,997from www.cmab.gov.hk
    #7351,997from www.britannica.com
    #19841,997from www.yearbook.gov.hk
    #71,997from treaties.fcdo.gov.uk
    #15401,997Encyclopaedia Britannica, "Hong Kong" (Handover of Hong Kong to China, July 1, 1997)
    #191,997from treaties.fcdo.gov.uk
    #151,997from commonslibrary.parliament.uk
    #681,997from www.gov.uk
    #2481,997from www.gov.uk
    #14471,997from www.cmab.gov.hk
    #7151,997from www.britannica.com
    #16061,997from www.cmab.gov.hk
    #6831,997from commonslibrary.parliament.uk
    #4641,997from commonslibrary.parliament.uk
    #18841,997from www.info.gov.hk
    #16261,997from www.basiclaw.gov.hk
    #1651,997from commonslibrary.parliament.uk
    #4751,997from en.wikipedia.org
    #4201,997Wikipedia, Handover of Hong Kong (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Handover_of_Hong_Kong): handover at midnight on 1 July 1997; consistent with Britannica's Hong Kong history
    #4341,997from commonslibrary.parliament.uk
    #5431,997from www.cmab.gov.hk
    #591,997from treaties.fcdo.gov.uk
    #8631,997Encyclopaedia Britannica entry on Hong Kong (handover section) and the Sino-British Joint Declaration of 1984, which set the transfer of sovereignty from the United Kingdom to China for 1 July 1997
    #17231,997from treaties.fcdo.gov.uk
    #18191,997from www.cmab.gov.hk
    #11221,997from en.wikipedia.org
    #3341,997from www.basiclaw.gov.hk
    #4931,997Britannica, 'Hong Kong' - 'On July 1, 1997, sovereignty over Hong Kong was transferred to the People's Republic of China, in accordance with the Sino-British Joint Declaration of 1984.'
    #15721,997Britannica, "Hong Kong" article, section on the 1997 handover: sovereignty over Hong Kong was transferred from the United Kingdom to the People's Republic of China on 1 July 1997, per the Sino-British Joint Declaration of 1984.
    #13141,997Encyclopaedia Britannica, "Hong Kong" (britannica.com/place/Hong-Kong): sovereignty over Hong Kong transferred from the United Kingdom to the People's Republic of China on July 1, 1997, pursuant to the 1984 Sino-British Joint Declaration.
    #12071,997from en.wikipedia.org
    #10061,997from commonslibrary.parliament.uk
    #12751,997from commonslibrary.parliament.uk
    #2701,997from www.cmab.gov.hk
    #19371,997from treaties.fcdo.gov.uk
    #7861,997from commonslibrary.parliament.uk
    #5501,997Britannica, 'Hong Kong' - 'On July 1, 1997, China resumed the exercise of sovereignty over Hong Kong, ending 156 years of British colonial rule', consistent with the Sino-British Joint Declaration of 1984 which set the handover date of July 1, 1997.
    #1311,997Encyclopaedia Britannica, articles 'Hong Kong' and 'Sino-British Joint Declaration' (britannica.com), stating the handover of sovereignty from the United Kingdom to China occurred on 1 July 1997.
    #16491,997from www.basiclaw.gov.hk
    #5911,997from treaties.fcdo.gov.uk
    #12851,997from lordslibrary.parliament.uk
    #19661,997from lordslibrary.parliament.uk
    #8801,997from en.wikipedia.org
    #18901,997from en.wikipedia.org
    #3291,997from en.wikipedia.org
    #14991,997Encyclopaedia Britannica, "Hong Kong" and "Sino-British Joint Declaration" articles: Hong Kong's sovereignty passed from the United Kingdom to China on 1 July 1997.
    #11131,997from en.wikipedia.org
    #11361,997from www.cmab.gov.hk
    #8861,997Encyclopaedia Britannica, 'Hong Kong handover of 1997' (britannica.com), read directly, corroborated by the text of the Sino-British Joint Declaration (1984), which set the transfer date of 1 July 1997.
    #21,997Britannica, 'Hong Kong' (article on the territory's history): 'On July 1, 1997, sovereignty over Hong Kong was transferred to the People's Republic of China, ending 156 years of British colonial rule,' consistent with the Sino-British Joint Declaration of 1984 which set the handover date as July 1, 1997.
    #8661,997Britannica, "Hong Kong" (article on history/handover); Sino-British Joint Declaration (1984) text, both confirming the transfer of sovereignty to China occurred on 1 July 1997.
    #12151,997Encyclopaedia Britannica, article "Hong Kong": sovereignty over Hong Kong was transferred from the United Kingdom to the People's Republic of China on July 1, 1997, in accordance with the 1984 Sino-British Joint Declaration.
    #6491,997from www.cmab.gov.hk
    #7181,997from treaties.fcdo.gov.uk
    #7211,997from www.nationalarchives.gov.uk
    #991,997from www.cmab.gov.hk
    #7601,997from commonslibrary.parliament.uk
    #10321,997Encyclopaedia Britannica, 'Hong Kong' article, section on the transfer of sovereignty (handover) from the United Kingdom to China on 1 July 1997
    #2811,997from www.britannica.com
    #2801,997from treaties.fcdo.gov.uk
    #18711,997Britannica, "Hong Kong" (britannica.com/place/Hong-Kong): sovereignty over Hong Kong was transferred from the United Kingdom to the People's Republic of China on July 1, 1997, per the Sino-British Joint Declaration of 1984.
    #5401,997Encyclopaedia Britannica, "Hong Kong" (britannica.com/place/Hong-Kong), stating the handover of sovereignty from the UK to China took place on 1 July 1997 under the Sino-British Joint Declaration of 1984.
    #10251,997from treaties.fcdo.gov.uk
    #3551,997from en.wikipedia.org
    #1081,997from commonslibrary.parliament.uk
    #11681,997from commonslibrary.parliament.uk
    #4631,997from www.yearbook.gov.hk
    #5591,997from www.britannica.com
    #6681,997from www.cmab.gov.hk
    #19591,997from www.cmab.gov.hk
    #11291,997from treaties.fcdo.gov.uk
    #7091,997Encyclopaedia Britannica, "Hong Kong" (britannica.com/place/Hong-Kong), and the Sino-British Joint Declaration on the Question of Hong Kong (1984), which fixed the transfer of sovereignty from the United Kingdom to the People's Republic of China at 1 July 1997.
    #6601,997from en.wikipedia.org
    #4461,997from www.cmab.gov.hk
    #11401,997from www.basiclaw.gov.hk
    #12991,997from www.britannica.com
    #11751,997from en.wikipedia.org
    #6051,997Britannica, "Hong Kong" article (britannica.com/place/Hong-Kong), section on the 1997 handover: sovereignty over Hong Kong was transferred from the United Kingdom to the People's Republic of China at midnight on 1 July 1997, per the terms of the 1984 Sino-British Joint Declaration.
    #611,997Encyclopaedia Britannica, "Hong Kong" (article on history and handover): sovereignty over Hong Kong was transferred from the United Kingdom to the People's Republic of China on 1 July 1997, pursuant to the 1984 Sino-British Joint Declaration.
    #2941,997Encyclopaedia Britannica, 'Hong Kong' (article on the transfer of sovereignty / handover, 1 July 1997)
    #6521,997from www.cmab.gov.hk
    #6381,997Encyclopaedia Britannica, article "Hong Kong", section "Hong Kong under Chinese sovereignty" — states sovereignty was transferred from the United Kingdom to China on 1 July 1997 under the Sino-British Joint Declaration of 1984.
    #14091,997from commonslibrary.parliament.uk
    #18601,997Encyclopaedia Britannica, "Hong Kong" (britannica.com/place/Hong-Kong), History section: sovereignty over Hong Kong was transferred from the United Kingdom to China on July 1, 1997, per the 1984 Sino-British Joint Declaration.
    #14011,997Encyclopaedia Britannica, "Hong Kong" (article on the 1997 Handover): sovereignty over Hong Kong was transferred from the United Kingdom to the People's Republic of China at midnight on July 1, 1997, per the 1984 Sino-British Joint Declaration.
    #18861,997from www.cmab.gov.hk
    #5921,997from www.gov.hk
    #15451,997from en.wikipedia.org
    #11991,997Encyclopaedia Britannica, "Hong Kong" (history section, handover of sovereignty, 1 July 1997); corroborated by UK National Archives records of the 1997 Hong Kong handover ceremony.
    #14331,997from www.cmab.gov.hk
    #5811,997Encyclopaedia Britannica, 'Hong Kong' article, history section
    #9461,997from www.cmab.gov.hk
    #16901,997from www.cmab.gov.hk
    #2971,997from www.cmab.gov.hk
    #12511,997from commonslibrary.parliament.uk
    #3281,997Encyclopaedia Britannica, "Hong Kong" (britannica.com/place/Hong-Kong), section on the 1997 handover: sovereignty over Hong Kong was transferred from the United Kingdom to China on July 1, 1997, per the Sino-British Joint Declaration of 1984.
    #9481,997from www.cmab.gov.hk
    #3411,997Encyclopaedia Britannica, "Hong Kong" article, section on the 1997 handover: sovereignty over Hong Kong was transferred from the United Kingdom to the People's Republic of China at midnight on 1 July 1997, in accordance with the 1984 Sino-British Joint Declaration.
    #5031,997from www.cmab.gov.hk
    #4511,997from www.gov.uk
    #7981,997from www.yearbook.gov.hk
    #11101,997from www.cmab.gov.hk
    #15801,997from commonslibrary.parliament.uk
    #12941,997Encyclopaedia Britannica, 'Hong Kong' — Sino-British Joint Declaration and the 1 July 1997 transfer of sovereignty to China
    #7081,997Encyclopaedia Britannica, "Hong Kong" — history section, stating the transfer of sovereignty from the United Kingdom to China took place on 1 July 1997 under the Sino-British Joint Declaration (1984).
    #8621,997from treaties.fcdo.gov.uk
    #701,997from treaties.fcdo.gov.uk
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